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The PDF does not contain text that is readable to screenreaders. This usually means your document is only scanned image(s) of text.

To fix, we will need to use the OCR (Optical Character Recognition) feature in Acrobat. For best results, the scanned text needs to be very clear. Right-click (or Control-click on a Mac) the "Image-only PDF" in the left-side pane, and then select "Fix" from the pop-up menu.

In the "Recognize Text" window, set the Document Language to appropriate language, Output  to "Editable Text Images," Downsample to "600" is set to "600 dpi" and click the "OK" button.

Acrobat will automatically scan and detect all text in the PDF.

Tags are key to having an accessible PDF. Tags define the structure and identify the content as headings, lists, tables, etc. of the document.

To fix, select All tools > Prepare for accessibility > Accessibility check and then ensure that the Document is tagged PDF checkbox is selected before running the check. Acrobat automatically adds tags to the PDF.

This warning will always display and requires a manual check by "walking the tag tree." 

To walk the tag tree, open the Tags tools. Starting from the top of the tree, use the down arrow and walk down through the tags ensuring the content is in the right order. If a piece of content is not, click on the tag and drag it to the correct location in the tag tree.

Select Primary Language in the Accessibility Checker tab and then choose Fix from the Options  menu. Choose a language in the Set Reading Language dialog box, and then select OK.

Document needs a title set. To fix, select Title in the Accessibility Checker tab, and choose Fix from the Options  menu. Enter the document title in the Description dialog box.

Bookmarks aid users in finding content within a larger document. This issues applies to PDFs with 21 pages or more. 

To fix, first set proper heading structure within the document (See HEADINGS - APPROPRIATE NESTING). Once the heading structure is correct, right-click the "Bookmarks - Failed" in the left panel then select "Fix." In the Structure Elements window select both H1 and H2 and then click "OK."

Like the Logical Reading Order, this warning will always display and requires a manual check. 

Ensure the all text has a contrast ratio of 4.5 to 1. Use the to aid in identifying and/or verify the contrast ratio of the text.

Colors can be changed with Acrobat via Edit > Edit PDF and the Format pane on the right. However, it is best if these colors are created properly within the authoring software e.g., Microsoft Word, InDesign, etc.

Parts or all of the content isn't tagged. To fix, go to the Tags pane. Right-click on the main Tags icon in the tag tree and select Find... in the menu. In the Find element pane, select Unmarked Content in the Find dropdown, click Search Document and click Find. The tool will highlight content that is unmarked. To tag this content, click Tag element and from the Type dropdown list select the proper tag for this piece of content then click OK. Repeat until all necessary elements in the file are tags. 

Annotations are not tagged... 

To fix, go to the Tags pane. Right-click on the main Tags icon in the tag tree and select Find... in the menu. In the Find element pane, select Unmarked Annotations in the Find dropdown, click Search Document and click Find. The tool will highlight annotations that is unmarked. To tag this content, click Tag element and from the Type dropdown list select the proper tag for this piece of content then click OK. Repeat until all necessary elements in the file are tags. 

Tab order does not match the order the document structure. To fix, select Tab Order on the Accessibility Checker panel, and choose Fix from the Options menu.

Some character-encoding issues aren't repairable within Acrobat. More often caused by the font used in the authoring software was not embedding in the PDF file.

To tag form fields, choose All tools > Prepare for accessibility > Autotag document.

Empty tool tip field within the form field. 

To fix, open the Form tools, select the field missing the description. Select Properties / General properties tab and enter a description in the Tooltip field.

Images missing alternate text.

To fix, click Fix and enter the alternate text for the image, click next and repeat until all images have the appropriate alternate text for each image with the PDF file.

This issue flags when a Table Row tag, <TR>, is not a child of a Table tag, <Table>. To fix: 

1. Click the plus symbol to the left of Rows – Failed.
2. Right-click Element 1 and then click Show in Tags Panel. The <TR> tag in the tags panel should now be highlighted.
3. Drag and drop the <TR> tag to its proper place under the <Table> tag.
4. Click the accessibility icon and then right-click Rows – Failed and then click Check Again. Repeat steps 2 – 4 until it passes. 

This issue flags when a Table Header Cell, <TH>, or a Table Data Cell, <TD>, is not a child of a Table Row, <TR>. To fix the TH and TD issue: 

1. Click the plus symbol to the left of TH and TD – Failed.
2. Right-click Element 1 and then click Show in Tags Panel. The <TH> or <TD> tag in the tags panel should now be highlighted.
3. Drag and drop the <TH> or <TD> tag to its proper place under the correct<TR> tag.
4. Click the accessibility icon and then right-click TH and TD – Failed and then click Check Again. Repeat steps 2 – 4 until it passes.

Table does not have headers. To fix: 

1. Click the plus symbol to the left of Headers – Failed.
2. Right-click Element 1 and then click Show in Tags Panel, the <Table> tag in the tags panel should now be highlighted.
3. Click the plus symbol to the left of the <Table> tag and then click the plus symbol to the left of the first <TR> tag. There should be multiple <TD> tags under the <TR> tag.
4. Double-click the <TD> tags and then rename them to be <TH> tags.
5. Click the accessibility icon and then right-click Headers – Failed and then click Check Again. Repeat steps 2 – 5 until all tables have header rows and the check passes. 

This check fails when a table does not contain the same number of columns in each row, and rows in each column. Merged cells are the most common cause. The only way to avoid this issue is to reformat your table in Word so there are no merged cells.

The check fails if a List Item tag, <LI>, is not a child of a List tag, <L>. Content should be tagged as a list if it is in a bulleted or numbered list. To fix the List Items issue: 

1. Right-click Element 1 and then click Show in Tags Panel. The list item tag, <LI>, should now be highlighted in the Tags Panel.
2. If a List tag, <L>, already exists in the Tags Panel, skip to step 4. If a list tag does not exist, you can create one by right clicking on the <LI> tag and then click New Tag… The New Tag window will open.
3. From the Type drop-down list, select or type List and then click OK. An <L> tag should now be in the Tags Panel.
4. Drag and drop the <LI> tag to the correct location under the <L> tag. 

This check is very similar to the List Items check. It fails if a Label tag, <Lbl>, or a List Item Body tag, <LBody>, is not a child of a List Item tag, <LI>. To fix the Lbl and LBody issue: 

1. Click the plus symbol to the left of Lbl and Lbody – Failed, so you can see the list of Lbl/LBody causing this issue.
2. Right-click Lbl/LBody 1 and then click Show in Tags Panel. The <Lbl> or <Lbody> in question will be highlighted.
3. Drag and drop the <Lbl> or <LBody> tag so that it is under an <LI> tag. 

Headings are not properly nested. The Documents link web page must adhere to the correct heading structure.

To fix this, review the tag hierarchy and adjust the headings accordingly within the file. The following example demonstrates the correct heading structure:

• H1: Accessibility
  • H2: PDF
    • H3: Quality Assurance
      • H4: Broken links
      • H4: Readability
    • H3: Audit
    • H3: Policy
    • H3: Accessibility
      • H4: Potential issues
      • H4: PDF issues
  • H2: Web pages